All Battery Index (ABI)
The UK's First Index for Used End-of-Life EV Batteries
All Battery Index (ABI)
The UK's First Index for Used End-of-Life EV Batteries
All Battery Index (ABI)
The UK's First Index for Used End-of-Life EV Batteries
ABI May 2025
Methodology and Specifications Guide for the ABI (All Battery Index)
Overview
The All Battery Index (ABI) is the UK's first dedicated pricing index for used electric vehicle (EV) battery packs at end-of-life. Published by Recell.Store, the ABI provides a robust and transparent reference point for participants across the EV battery value chain, including repurposers, recyclers, insurers, and fleet operators seeking to assess fair market value of used battery packs on a consistent basis.
The ABI is published every four weeks and reflects average market values based on advertised used EV battery pack prices, adjusted using Recell’s proprietary grading and pricing framework. The ABI ensures market participants can reference an independent, structured valuation model that includes key physical and economic parameters relevant to second-life use and recycling.
Specification and Scope
The ABI reflects spot market values of used EV battery packs, as offered in the UK, and is based on the following criteria:
- Location: UK (ex-works)
- Product: EV lithium-ion battery packs (NMC, LFP, etc.) from passenger vehicles
- Condition: Varies by reported and/or assessed State of Health (SOH), State of Charge (SOC), and usability
- Currency: GBP (£)
- Timing: Values updated every 4 weeks
- Transportation: Not included in index reference prices
Base Price and Adjustment Mechanism
The Base Price for ABI is set at £0 (nil) as of 1 May 2025, which corresponds to the ex-works price for a new battery pack, net of value for second-life or recycling purposes.
From this baseline, the ABI is adjusted upwards or downwards using a transparent framework that incorporates:
- Market surveys of advertised prices for used EV battery packs across public and private sales channels
- Recell.Store’s proprietary grading system, which factors in:
- Remaining capacity (SOH)
- Initial SOC at time of offer
- Pack size (kWh)
- Estimated recoverable metal value
- Recyclability and disposal liabilities
- Repurposing suitability
A positive ABI value indicates the battery has a net market value (payable).
A negative ABI value indicates a net disposal liability (gate fee).
Grading System: ABI “R Grade”
Battery packs are classified into R Grades, providing a standardized quality benchmark for repurposers and recyclers:
R Grade | SOH (%) | SOC (%) | Indicative Status |
R1 | < 40 | < 30 | End-of-life; unsuitable for reuse |
R2 | < 70 | < 30 | Limited reuse; mostly recycling value |
R3 | < 80 | > 60 | Repurposable with moderate value |
R4 | > 80 | > 80 | High-value; suitable for 2nd-life use |
Note: Battery listings with no available data on condition, chemistry, SOH, or SOC are defaulted to R1 status.
Survey and Data Collection Process
Recell compiles price data from:
- Online marketplaces (B2B and B2C)
- Battery resellers and repair firms
- Automotive breakers and scrapyards
- Black Mass Shredders
All prices are verified for authenticity and alignment with published specifications where available. Recell analysts also apply valuation judgment to normalize outliers and adjust for missing data.
Aggregation and Publication
ABI values are presented by battery model or pack type, including key parameters and assigned R Grade. Sample format:
Battery Pack | kWh | SOH (%) | SOC (%) | R Grade | ABI (£) |
Leaf Gen 1 | 70 | < 40 | < 30 | R1 | -100 |
Tesla Model S | 100 | < 70 | < 30 | R2 | 372 |
Tesla Model S | 100 | > 80 | > 80 | R4 | 500 |
Future Updates and Enhancements
Future releases of the ABI methodology will include:
- Commentary on EV battery market in the UK.
- Detailed ABI “R Grade” guidelines with diagnostics calibration
- Multi-pack valuation methods for fleet decommissioning
- Pricing spread analysis between battery chemistries (e.g. NMC vs LFP).
Purpose and Use
The ABI is intended as an independent benchmark to:
- Support fair-market transactions
- Enable bankable contracts and warranties for 2nd life batteries
- De-risk investment in circular economy infrastructure
- Improve transparency in the battery disposal and recycling chain
Like grading in the insurance or used vehicle markets, ABI classification supports a transition to a professionalised, liquid secondary market for EV batteries.
Methodology and Specifications Guide for the ABI (All Battery Index)
Overview
The All Battery Index (ABI) is the UK's first dedicated pricing index for used electric vehicle (EV) battery packs at end-of-life. Published by Recell.Store, the ABI provides a robust and transparent reference point for participants across the EV battery value chain, including repurposers, recyclers, insurers, and fleet operators seeking to assess fair market value of used battery packs on a consistent basis.
The ABI is published every four weeks and reflects average market values based on advertised used EV battery pack prices, adjusted using Recell’s proprietary grading and pricing framework. The ABI ensures market participants can reference an independent, structured valuation model that includes key physical and economic parameters relevant to second-life use and recycling.
Specification and Scope
The ABI reflects spot market values of used EV battery packs, as offered in the UK, and is based on the following criteria:
- Location: UK (ex-works)
- Product: EV lithium-ion battery packs (NMC, LFP, etc.) from passenger vehicles
- Condition: Varies by reported and/or assessed State of Health (SOH), State of Charge (SOC), and usability
- Currency: GBP (£)
- Timing: Values updated every 4 weeks
- Transportation: Not included in index reference prices
Base Price and Adjustment Mechanism
The Base Price for ABI is set at £0 (nil) as of 1 May 2025, which corresponds to the ex-works price for a new battery pack, net of value for second-life or recycling purposes.
From this baseline, the ABI is adjusted upwards or downwards using a transparent framework that incorporates:
- Market surveys of advertised prices for used EV battery packs across public and private sales channels
- Recell.Store’s proprietary grading system, which factors in:
- Remaining capacity (SOH)
- Initial SOC at time of offer
- Pack size (kWh)
- Estimated recoverable metal value
- Recyclability and disposal liabilities
- Repurposing suitability
A positive ABI value indicates the battery has a net market value (payable).
A negative ABI value indicates a net disposal liability (gate fee).
Grading System: ABI “R Grade”
Battery packs are classified into R Grades, providing a standardized quality benchmark for repurposers and recyclers:
R Grade | SOH (%) | SOC (%) | Indicative Status |
R1 | < 40 | < 30 | End-of-life; unsuitable for reuse |
R2 | < 70 | < 30 | Limited reuse; mostly recycling value |
R3 | < 80 | > 60 | Repurposable with moderate value |
R4 | > 80 | > 80 | High-value; suitable for 2nd-life use |
Note: Battery listings with no available data on condition, chemistry, SOH, or SOC are defaulted to R1 status.
Survey and Data Collection Process
Recell compiles price data from:
- Online marketplaces (B2B and B2C)
- Battery resellers and repair firms
- Automotive breakers and scrapyards
- Black Mass Shredders
All prices are verified for authenticity and alignment with published specifications where available. Recell analysts also apply valuation judgment to normalize outliers and adjust for missing data.
Aggregation and Publication
ABI values are presented by battery model or pack type, including key parameters and assigned R Grade. Sample format:
Battery Pack | kWh | SOH (%) | SOC (%) | R Grade | ABI (£) |
Leaf Gen 1 | 70 | < 40 | < 30 | R1 | -100 |
Tesla Model S | 100 | < 70 | < 30 | R2 | 372 |
Tesla Model S | 100 | > 80 | > 80 | R4 | 500 |
Future Updates and Enhancements
Future releases of the ABI methodology will include:
- Commentary on EV battery market in the UK.
- Detailed ABI “R Grade” guidelines with diagnostics calibration
- Multi-pack valuation methods for fleet decommissioning
- Pricing spread analysis between battery chemistries (e.g. NMC vs LFP).
Purpose and Use
The ABI is intended as an independent benchmark to:
- Support fair-market transactions
- Enable bankable contracts and warranties for 2nd life batteries
- De-risk investment in circular economy infrastructure
- Improve transparency in the battery disposal and recycling chain
Like grading in the insurance or used vehicle markets, ABI classification supports a transition to a professionalised, liquid secondary market for EV batteries.
ABI May 2025
Methodology and Specifications Guide for the ABI (All Battery Index)
Overview
The All Battery Index (ABI) is the UK's first dedicated pricing index for used electric vehicle (EV) battery packs at end-of-life. Published by Recell.Store, the ABI provides a robust and transparent reference point for participants across the EV battery value chain, including repurposers, recyclers, insurers, and fleet operators seeking to assess fair market value of used battery packs on a consistent basis.
The ABI is published every four weeks and reflects average market values based on advertised used EV battery pack prices, adjusted using Recell’s proprietary grading and pricing framework. The ABI ensures market participants can reference an independent, structured valuation model that includes key physical and economic parameters relevant to second-life use and recycling.
Specification and Scope
The ABI reflects spot market values of used EV battery packs, as offered in the UK, and is based on the following criteria:
- Location: UK (ex-works)
- Product: EV lithium-ion battery packs (NMC, LFP, etc.) from passenger vehicles
- Condition: Varies by reported and/or assessed State of Health (SOH), State of Charge (SOC), and usability
- Currency: GBP (£)
- Timing: Values updated every 4 weeks
- Transportation: Not included in index reference prices
Base Price and Adjustment Mechanism
The Base Price for ABI is set at £0 (nil) as of 1 May 2025, which corresponds to the ex-works price for a new battery pack, net of value for second-life or recycling purposes.
From this baseline, the ABI is adjusted upwards or downwards using a transparent framework that incorporates:
- Market surveys of advertised prices for used EV battery packs across public and private sales channels
- Recell.Store’s proprietary grading system, which factors in:
- Remaining capacity (SOH)
- Initial SOC at time of offer
- Pack size (kWh)
- Estimated recoverable metal value
- Recyclability and disposal liabilities
- Repurposing suitability
A positive ABI value indicates the battery has a net market value (payable).
A negative ABI value indicates a net disposal liability (gate fee).
Grading System: ABI “R Grade”
Battery packs are classified into R Grades, providing a standardized quality benchmark for repurposers and recyclers:
R Grade | SOH (%) | SOC (%) | Indicative Status |
R1 | < 40 | < 30 | End-of-life; unsuitable for reuse |
R2 | < 70 | < 30 | Limited reuse; mostly recycling value |
R3 | < 80 | > 60 | Repurposable with moderate value |
R4 | > 80 | > 80 | High-value; suitable for 2nd-life use |
Note: Battery listings with no available data on condition, chemistry, SOH, or SOC are defaulted to R1 status.
Survey and Data Collection Process
Recell compiles price data from:
- Online marketplaces (B2B and B2C)
- Battery resellers and repair firms
- Automotive breakers and scrapyards
- Black Mass Shredders
All prices are verified for authenticity and alignment with published specifications where available. Recell analysts also apply valuation judgment to normalize outliers and adjust for missing data.
Aggregation and Publication
ABI values are presented by battery model or pack type, including key parameters and assigned R Grade. Sample format:
Battery Pack | kWh | SOH (%) | SOC (%) | R Grade | ABI (£) |
Leaf Gen 1 | 70 | < 40 | < 30 | R1 | -100 |
Tesla Model S | 100 | < 70 | < 30 | R2 | 372 |
Tesla Model S | 100 | > 80 | > 80 | R4 | 500 |
Future Updates and Enhancements
Future releases of the ABI methodology will include:
- Commentary on EV battery market in the UK.
- Detailed ABI “R Grade” guidelines with diagnostics calibration
- Multi-pack valuation methods for fleet decommissioning
- Pricing spread analysis between battery chemistries (e.g. NMC vs LFP).
Purpose and Use
The ABI is intended as an independent benchmark to:
- Support fair-market transactions
- Enable bankable contracts and warranties for 2nd life batteries
- De-risk investment in circular economy infrastructure
- Improve transparency in the battery disposal and recycling chain
Like grading in the insurance or used vehicle markets, ABI classification supports a transition to a professionalised, liquid secondary market for EV batteries.
